Mdr tuberculosis was reported in about 35% of new cases and 205% of retreated cases appendix. A question and answer session, a printable powerpoint slide file, and other useful resources are also included as. Counseling needs of mdr tb patients connecting our members. Mdrtb is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to treatment with both isoniazid inh.
Cdc tb hoja informativas tuberculosis multirresistente. Tb dots ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. However, based on the obtained data, patients status as an immigrant or a refugee is an important risk factor for both mdr and nonmdr tb and is of particular concern in the growing trend of mdr. Resistance to tuberculosis tb drugs is a formidable obstacle to effective tb care and prevention globally. This edition also addresses the prevention of acquired mdr tb, especially among new tb patients who already have isoniazidresistant mycobacterium tuberculosis when they start treatment. Highest death rates among mdr tb patients seen in african region 19% extensively drug resistant tb xdr tbmdr tb plus resistance to at least 1 fluoroquinolone and 1 secondline. The molecular basis of resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin and some other drugs is now largely understood table 1. Tb guidelines 2017 ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. A question and answer session, a printable powerpoint slide file, and other useful resources are also included as supplemental materials. Estimates suggest that approximately 25 000 children developed mdr tb in 2014, and two million children were infected with mdr mycobacterium tuberculosis.
The emergence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb is of concern to both patients and clinicians because of the attendant increased mortality and morbidity. The main aim of the report is to provide a comprehensive and uptodate assessment of the tb epidemic, and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels. Not only is the incidence of mdrtb rising in many areas, curtailing our ability to meet ambitious targets for tb control, but the treatment of mdrtb also threatens the economic solvency of national tb programs ntps, often accounting for more than 50% of annual ntp budgets. Mdr tb 20% among previously treated tb cases 50% of all mdr cases are estimated to occur in india and china globally, outcome data for mdr tb is limited. Who consolidated guidelines on drugresistant tuberculosis treatment 4 abbreviations and acronyms1 adsm active tb drug safety monitoring and management aipd adult individual patient data ae adverse event aids acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aor adjusted odds ratio ard adjusted risk difference art antiretroviral therapy ast aspartate. Tuberculosis tb is an infectious disease caused by a germ called mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fourth, diagnosing mdr tb cases among previously treated patients and providing effective treatment will greatly help in halting the spread of mdr tb. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis tb can develop resistance to the antimicrobial drugs used to cure the disease. Tuberculosis is spread through the air when a person sneezes, coughs, or breathes.
Global tuberculosis report 2019 who has published a global tb report every year since 1997. In 2016, an estimated 600 000 new cases of mdrrrtb emerged. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb is resistant to at least two of the main firstline drugs used to treat tb. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb poses one of the greatest threats to tb control worldwide. Multidrugresistant mdr and extensively drugresistant xdr tuberculosis are generally thought to have high mortality rates. An online presentation this slide presentation with streaming audio provides information on how to manage treatment of tuberculosis tb.
Some forms of tb are also resistant to secondline medications, and are called extensively drugresistant tb. Ppt pulmonary tuberculosis powerpoint presentation free to download id. A substantial proportion of patients with tuberculosis or mdr tuberculosis seek care with providers who are not linked to national tuberculosis programs. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacterium called mycobacterium tuberculosis which usually attack the lungs, but can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. Tuberculosis is defined as an infectious disease caused by a bacterium. Multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdr tb is tuberculosis due to organisms which show highlevel resistance to both isoniazid and rifampicin, with or without resistance to other antitb drugs. The selfstudy modules on tuberculosis, 15 slide sets training package consists of. Who consolidated guidelines on drugresistant tuberculosis. Thus, we read with interest the article by the collaborative group for the metaanalysis of individual patient data in mdrtb treatment2017,1 the results of which support our proposal,2 from 2015, to classify antituberculosis drugs on the basis of their. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb poses one of the greatest threats to tb control worldwide. Mdr tuberculosis critical steps for prevention and.
Sep 12, 2008 multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb implications and diagnosis dr. Airborne disease caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis. Jun 01, 2008 overall, 20% of the 17,690 isolates examined were mdr m. Pretomanid and bpal regimen for treatment of highlyresistant. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb among hiv positive. View and download powerpoint presentations on treatment of mdr tuberculosis ppt. Relapsefree cure was achieved in 61% of the patients with mdr tuberculosis, 52% of the patients with prexdr tuberculosis, and 39% of the patients with xdr tuberculosis when simplified.
Professor bengal college of pharmaceutical sciences and research 2. Multidrugresistant tb mdr tb is multifactorial and fuelled by improper treatment of patients, poor management of supply and quality of drugs, and airborne transmission of bacteria in public. The world health organization who estimates that 458 000 of the 10 million cases of tb that developed in the year 2017 were caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis with resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid. Participants with newly diagnosed smear positive ds and mdrtb 107 zpyrazinamide 1500mg daily, m moxifloxacin 400mg daily, pa pa824 200mg daily, j. This edition also addresses the prevention of acquired mdrtb, especially among new tb patients who already have isoniazidresistant mycobacterium tuberculosis when they start treatment.
Estimates suggest that approximately 25 000 children developed mdrtb in 2014, and two million children were infected with mdr mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdrtb is a form of tuberculosis tb infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful firstline antitb medications drugs, isoniazid and rifampin. Tuberculosis airborne disease caused by the bacterium mycobacterium tuberculosis m. Fourth, diagnosing mdrtb cases among previously treated patients and providing effective treatment will greatly help in halting the spread of mdrtb. Also, in 2016 about 19% of previously treated tb cases were estimated to have either rifampicin or multi drug resistant tb. Objective to evaluate the impact of mdrtb treatment on patients hrqol, and determine. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb implications and diagnosis dr. This medical powerpoint template will fit presentations on medical tests, tuberculosis disease, distribution of tuberculosis, tuberculin tests, pulmonary tb, tubercle bacillus, etc. Pretomanid and bpal regimen for treatment of highly. Participants with newly diagnosed smear positive ds and mdr tb 107 zpyrazinamide 1500mg daily, m moxifloxacin 400mg daily, pa pa824 200mg daily, j. When someone comes into contact with tuberculosis or feels as if they become infected by tuberculosis, they should call a doctor and order a skin test. Best drug treatment for multidrugresistant and extensively. However, based on the obtained data, patients status as an immigrant or a refugee is an important risk factor for both mdr and non mdr tb and is of particular concern in the growing trend of mdr. Only around a thousand children have been reported to receive mdrtb treatment e.
Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs as pulmonary tb. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about treatment of mdr tuberculosis ppt. Mdr tb is defined as tuberculosis that is resistant to treatment with both isoniazid inh and. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb is resistant to at least two of the main firstline drugs used to treat tb. Note that these estimates are based on the initial cdcwho definition ofxdrtb developed 24 march 2006. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb is defined as resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin whether there is resistance to other drugs or not a laboratory diagnosis. Clinical management of adults and children with multidrug. India is the country with the highest burden of tb, with world health organisation who statistics for 20 giving an estimated incidence of 2. Tb guidelines 2017 ppt tuberculosis management of hivaids. The bacteria that cause tuberculosis tb can develop resistance to the antimicrobial drugs used to. Mdr tuberculosis critical steps for prevention and control. I understand that there has been some similar discussion on ghd, but i am trying to gather inputs specifically for the following. Ppt pulmonary tuberculosis powerpoint presentation. Globally, it is the leading cause of deaths resulting from a single infectious disease.
Background at present, within the management of multidrug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb much attention is being paid to the traditional microbiological and clinical indicators. However, many cases can be treated with the right combination and rational use of available antituberculosis drugs. Revised national tuberculosis control programme dotsplus. The emergence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb is of concern to both patients and clinicians because of the attendant increased mortality and morbidity. Multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdr tb is a form of tuberculosis tb infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful firstline antitb medications drugs, isoniazid and rifampin. Tb is also the leading cause of deaths among people with hiv. Treatment outcomes in multidrugresistant tuberculosis nejm. Tuberculosis tb is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and one of the infectious diseases severely affected by the emergence of antimicrobial drug resistance.
Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about mdr ppt. The adobe flash plugin is needed to view this content. The emergence of multidrug and extensive drug resistance mdrtb and xdrtb, respectively is a major public health problem that threatens progress made in tb care and control. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdr tb is tuberculosis that is resistant to at least the first line antitb drugs, rifampicin and isoniazid. Multi drug resistant tuberculosis mdrtb is tuberculosis that is resistant to at least the first line antitb drugs, rifampicin and isoniazid. Tuberculosis abbreviated as tb for tubercle bacillus or tuberculosis is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacteria, mainly mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can also be a crippling and deadly disease, and is on the rise in both developed and developing worlds. Tb is a disease caused by infection with a bacteria called mycobacterium. Specific measures are being taken within the revised national tuberculosis control programme rntcp to address the mdrtb problem through appropriate management of patients and strategies to prevent the propagation and dissemination of mdrtb. Create marketing content that resonates with prezi video. Effects of multidrug resistant tuberculosis treatment on.
The challenges of multidrug resistant mdr tuberculosis investigation and followup the challenges of multidrug resistant mdr tuberculosis. Pdf multidrugresistant tuberculosis mdrtb is an increasing global problem, with most cases arising from a mixture of physician error and patient. Rao md slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Evaluation of the impact of mdrtb treatment on patients health related quality of life hrqol has remained a neglected area. Ppt pulmonary tuberculosis powerpoint presentation free. Who consolidated guidelines on drugresistant tuberculosis treatment 4 abbreviations and acronyms1 adsm active tb drug safety monitoring and management aipd adult individual patient data ae adverse event aids acquired immunodeficiency syndrome aor adjusted odds ratio ard adjusted risk difference art antiretroviral therapy ast aspartate aminotransferase ats american thoracic society. View and download powerpoint presentations on mdr ppt. Our study from mumbai in 2010 audited the mdrtb prescribing practice of 106 pps working in dharavi, asias most populous slum 2. Overall, 20% of the 17,690 isolates examined were mdr m. Counseling needs of mdr tb patients by shiva shrestha 01 may, 2012 dear members, i am posting this query on counseling needs of mdr tb patients and request all the members to share their experiences. Not only is the incidence of mdr tb rising in many areas, curtailing our ability to meet ambitious targets for tb control, but the treatment of mdr tb also threatens the economic solvency of national tb programs ntps, often accounting for more than 50% of annual ntp budgets. Overview of tuberculosis epidemiology, transmission. Multidrugresistant tb mdrtb is multifactorial and fuelled by improper treatment of patients, poor management of supply and quality of drugs, and airborne transmission of bacteria in public. This is an example of tuberculosis of the skin it is normally referred to as warty t.
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